1.2 Migraine with aura

A 45-year-old bus driver reports recurring attacks of altered sensation followed by headache. Each attack starts with tingling and a warm, buzzing feeling spreading across the right side of his tongue and lower lip, a positive sensation rather than numbness, and this typically lasts about a quarter of an hour, close to 16 minutes by his own count. A throbbing headache on the same side then develops within the following hour and can last most of the day. This is the third such attack he has had in the last year. He works long shifts and admits to irregular meals and poor sleep.